May is one of the most exciting months in the hive — here's what's on the menu.
As spring reaches full bloom across the UK, May is a month of abundance for honeybees. Flowers are opening in rapid succession, and colonies are working at full capacity to make the most of the season. But what exactly are bees eating during this critical time of year?
Nectar: Their Primary Energy Source
Nectar is the bee's equivalent of fuel. Collected from flowering plants and converted into honey within the hive, it provides the carbohydrates bees need to fly, forage, and keep the colony warm. In May, bees in the UK have access to a rich variety of nectar sources including hawthorn, horse chestnut, apple blossom, dandelion, clover, and oilseed rape — one of the most significant early-season crops for British beekeepers.
Pollen: The Protein Powerhouse
While nectar keeps bees energised, pollen is their protein source — essential for raising healthy larvae and building a strong colony. In May, foragers return to the hive laden with pollen from fruit trees, wildflowers, and garden plants. You may notice bees with bright yellow, orange, or even red pollen baskets on their legs — each colour tells you exactly which flower they've visited.
Honey: The Hive's Reserve
Bees don't just eat fresh nectar — they also draw on stored honey during cooler days or when foraging isn't possible. May can still bring unpredictable British weather, so a well-stocked hive from early spring stores is vital insurance for the colony.
Water: Often Overlooked
Bees also need fresh water, particularly in May as the colony grows rapidly and brood rearing increases. Water helps them regulate hive temperature and dilute stored honey for feeding larvae.
Why May Matters
May is often the peak of the spring nectar flow, and colonies can grow explosively during this period. A healthy, well-fed colony in May sets the foundation for a productive summer — and ultimately, the quality of the honey harvest.
At Swabees, our beeswax-based products are a celebration of everything the hive produces. From our nourishing lotion bars to our hand-poured candles, every product starts with the remarkable work of the honeybee.